Thursday, 11 December 2025

ART and Theory: Extending Sean Carroll’s Critique I propose the equation: t₀ → t₀ + Δt


Delay and eye tracking - Peter Davidosn 2025


Art and Theory: Extending Sean Carroll’s Critique

Introduction

In his 2004 essay Art and Theory on Preposterous Universe, physicist and philosopher Sean Carroll’s reflection on Emile de Antonio’s documentary Painters Painting (1972) struck me as a rare and invigorating moment in academic discourse, where the rigor of physics was brought into dialogue with the phenomenological depth of art; encountering this interplay was deeply pleasing, as it underscored the necessity for artists to engage with scientific thought not merely as metaphor but as a way of grappling with the structures of reality itself, reminding us that phenomenology and physics together can enrich artistic practice by grounding it both in the material laws of the universe and in the lived experience of perception, thereby opening a space where art becomes a form of theorizing about existence.

The essay highlights a tension: artists are brilliant at practice and phenomenology, but often vague when articulating theory.

"This critique raises a provocative question: Can art theory be grounded in a fundamental principle, rather than remaining a collection of personal rules of thumb? Furthermore, are painters truly terrible theorists, or is he correct about me—a painter with forty years of experience—who has recently found a physics axiom that transcends and applies to art theory?"

 

My Contribution: The Davidson Equation

In my own practice, I have attempted to formalize one aspect of artistic experience mathematically. I propose the equation:

t → t + Δt

This represents the irreducible delay between perception and action—the subtle gap that arises whenever one sees a motif and then attempts to render it. Cézanne, Hockney, Riley, and Merleau‑Ponty all sensed this delay, but none mathematized it. The Davidson Equation is not a universal law of art, but a gesture toward coherence: a symbolic shape for what artists have long described qualitatively.

The Davidson Temporal Reality Hypothesis (DTRH)

Building on this equation, I propose a unifying axiom:

The Present is Unattainable due to the structural necessity of Δt.

Seen through this lens, the seemingly contradictory theories of Stella, De Kooning, and Rothko become equally valid strategies for negotiating the same cognitive reality.

  • Incoherence vs. Contradiction: What Carroll saw as incoherence (e.g., Stella’s smooth surfaces vs. De Kooning’s expressive brushstrokes) can be reframed as necessary contradictions, each a response to the temporal barrier of Δt.
  • Rules of Thumb vs. Engineering Feats: Rothko’s approach, far from being a mere “rule of thumb,” can be understood as a precise cognitive engineering feat designed to manipulate neural processing. His theory is structurally accurate about human psychology.

Conclusion

When measured against the cognitive axioms of the DTRH, the theories of Stella, De Kooning, and Rothko are not incoherent but structurally sound. They were not poor theorists; they were astute observers of the subjective temporal barrier that governs all experience.

My hope is that this framework demonstrates one possible way painters might become better theorists—not by abandoning phenomenology, but by daring to cross into mathematics. Carroll’s critique has sharpened my own understanding, and I offer the Davidson Equation as a modest contribution to the ongoing dialogue between art and theory.

Attribution:
“Quotations from Sean Carroll’s Art and Theory (2004) are used under fair use for purposes of critique and commentary.”