This drawing began with a digital photograph of a seated woman displayed on my laptop. Although the source image remained unchanged, my experience of looking at it developed throughout the drawing process. Features that initially appeared clear became less certain. Relationships between forms seemed to shift, while particular passages gained or lost significance as my attention moved across the image. What remained constant on the screen did not necessarily remain constant in my experience.
This raises questions about the meaning of accuracy within my observational practice. Correspondence between the source image and the marks made in response to it remains important, but it does not fully describe the activity of drawing. I am not simply attempting to record an appearance. I am responding to an appearance whose significance may change as the work develops.
Within my practice, observation is rarely experienced as entirely immediate. What I see becomes intertwined with what I remember, what I anticipate and what the developing drawing makes possible. A mark does not merely register an observation; it changes the surface against which subsequent observations are considered. Drawing therefore involves looking both at the source and at the emerging work, negotiating their differences without necessarily resolving them.
The drawing is not simply an image of something observed, but the material consequence of observation being continually reconsidered.
Delay as an artistic concept
Within my artistic research framework, Apeiron, I use the term delay to describe this mediation. I do not use it to identify a measurable neurological interval or a physical quantity. Rather, it describes the experienced interval between looking and making a mark: a period in which memory, reflection, imagination and material considerations may enter into the act of drawing.
Scientific ideas, including concepts drawn from physics and research into perception, inform the wider development of Apeiron. My use of delay brings aspects of this engagement into an artistic and metaphorical context. It provides a way of considering relationships within my practice, rather than proposing an equation for scientific calculation or experimental verification.
In this context, delay is not simply an obstacle to accurate representation. It is part of the process through which the drawing becomes possible. The interval between looking and marking allows an observation to be reconsidered, retained, displaced or transformed before it takes material form.
The process is recursive rather than straightforwardly linear. I look, make a mark, reconsider it and return to the image. What I have drawn influences what I subsequently notice. At times, the developing work appears to support an earlier observation; at others, it unsettles it. The drawing emerges through this continuing exchange rather than through what I experience as a one-way transfer from source image to drawing surface.
Rupture of likeness
As the drawing develops, its relationship with the original photograph may become increasingly unsettled. I use the term rupture to describe this departure from straightforward correspondence with the source.
The initial appearance provides a point of departure, but the developing image is subject to successive acts of attention, selection, reconsideration and material alteration. Some features are retained, others are softened, displaced or omitted. The resulting figure may remain recognisable as a seated person while becoming less closely associated with the particular likeness that initially informed it.
I understand this rupture as part of the artistic transformation taking place through delay. It does not necessarily involve a deliberate rejection of resemblance. Rather, the correspondence between source and drawing becomes progressively negotiated through the process of making.
The drawing begins with an observed appearance but does not have to remain bound to its precise likeness. Its emerging identity is shaped by the relationships established on the paper: the weight of a line, the interruption of a contour, the distribution of dark and pale passages and the spaces created through revision.
In this sense, the drawing moves beyond straightforward transcription. It becomes an image with its own developing visual character.
Erasure and the altered surface
Erasure has become increasingly important within this process. Although I use it to remove or soften marks, its consequences are not exclusively subtractive. Removing a line can loosen the authority of an earlier decision. Softening a passage can make room for a relationship that a more definite mark had obscured. An area that has been rubbed back may acquire renewed significance within the composition precisely because it no longer insists upon a single resolution.
In this drawing, dark accents sit alongside pale, disturbed passages. Some contours assert themselves, while others break or loosen into the surrounding surface. The figure is neither uniformly resolved nor uniformly tentative. These differences allow revision to remain visible without suggesting that the drawing provides a complete record of its own production.
For me, these passages retain something of the material history of adjustment and reconsideration. They do not disclose every decision, nor can they establish exactly what I was thinking at a particular moment. Nevertheless, they allow aspects of the drawing's development to remain present in its completed, though necessarily provisional, state.
Erasure does not necessarily return the paper to an earlier condition. In my experience, the altered surface becomes a new starting point. Traces of previous marks may remain, and subsequent marks encounter those traces rather than an untouched ground. What has been removed can therefore continue to influence what I draw and how I understand the emerging image.
Delay and erasure have related but distinct roles within my practice. Delay describes the interval in which an observation may be reconsidered before a mark is made. Erasure allows an existing decision to be reconsidered through material action. Both contribute to the continuing development of the image.
The history of the work resides, for me, both in its surviving marks and in the spaces their alteration has opened.
Imagination within observation
Imagination enters this process not as an abandonment of observation, but as part of the negotiation through which the drawing takes form. When a contour remains uncertain or a passage has been partially erased, the next decision is not necessarily determined by looking again at the source. It must also respond to the relationships already developing on the paper.
I work between what I perceive, what I retain from looking and what I can imagine the drawing becoming. These experiences are not always easily separated. A remembered impression may influence the next mark, while that mark may lead me to notice something in the source image that had previously received little attention.
I understand this as an embodied and aesthetic negotiation. In the practical activity of drawing, attention, movement, judgement and the physical properties of materials become intertwined. A line may be reconsidered because it appears misplaced in relation to the source, but also because its weight, direction or proximity to another mark changes the character of the composition.
Accuracy remains part of this negotiation, but it is not the only consideration. I also attend to whether a passage sustains the drawing's internal relationships, whether a dark accent has become too insistent, or whether a softened edge allows the figure and its surroundings to work together differently.
Scintillation and the unsettled image
Within Apeiron, I use the term scintillation to describe a possible movement of attention between the represented figure and the marks through which it becomes visible. I use the term in an artistic and experiential sense, rather than as a claim about a physical or neurological process.
A viewer may recognise the seated figure, then become aware of a broken contour, a softened passage or an unresolved edge before returning their attention to the figure. Recognition may give way to uncertainty and then return, as attention moves between the represented subject and the material qualities of the drawing.
This is a possibility I seek to sustain through the work, rather than a response I assume every viewer will share.
What interests me is the capacity of the drawing to remain recognisable without becoming entirely settled. Observation, delay, rupture, revision, erasure and imagination contribute to this condition within my practice. The image offers a figure while leaving aspects of its development visible, allowing recognition and uncertainty to remain active together.
Scintillation, as I understand it within Apeiron, is not necessarily a final visual effect imposed upon the drawing. It may emerge through the relationship between its different passages, particularly where definition and dissolution, presence and absence, or recognition and uncertainty remain in tension.
The apogee of scintillation and the decision to stop
An important question within this process is when to stop drawing.
If the work develops through successive acts of observation, delay, revision and reconsideration, further intervention might appear to be an inevitable continuation. However, I have become increasingly interested in the possibility that there comes a point when another mark may diminish rather than extend what has already emerged.
Within Apeiron, I use the expression apogee of scintillation to describe a possible point of culmination in this process. It is not intended as a measurable threshold or a claim that the drawing has reached an objectively identifiable maximum. Rather, it describes an artistic judgement: the moment at which the interaction between recognition, uncertainty, material presence and visual instability seems to have reached a condition of sufficient intensity.
At this point, the figure may retain its presence without requiring further definition. The relationship between marks and erased passages may have acquired its own coherence. Areas that initially appeared unresolved may now contribute to the character of the whole.
The decision to stop becomes significant because further intervention risks disturbing these relationships. An additional mark might clarify a passage but diminish its ambiguity. A further correction might strengthen resemblance while weakening the drawing's emerging independence from the source.
Stopping, therefore, is not necessarily an admission that the drawing is perfect or complete in every respect. It is a recognition that its present condition may be more compelling than the alternatives offered by further intervention.
I understand the apogee of scintillation as a point of artistic cessation rather than absolute resolution. The drawing may remain open, unsettled and capable of further interpretation, even when I decide that my own process of making should end.
The distinction is important: the work does not have to exhaust its possibilities for me to recognise that I should stop.
Research and the limits of explanation
Many of the judgements involved in drawing remain difficult for me to articulate. I may sense that a passage needs softening before I can explain why, or recognise that a mark belongs without being able to reconstruct fully the judgement that produced it. I describe these moments as features of my experience as a maker. I do not regard them, in themselves, as evidence of any particular hidden mechanism.
Science remains an important part of my wider research. It can provide questions, concepts and points of comparison through which I reconsider my artistic practice. However, the use of a scientific idea as an influence within artistic thinking is distinct from establishing that idea through scientific evidence.
The account presented here is a situated reflection on the experience of making and looking. It is not an experimental investigation of perception, nor does it seek to offer a neurological explanation of the drawing process.
Apeiron provides a framework within which I explore these relationships. It helps me attend to how looking becomes a mark, how a mark redirects looking, how likeness may be unsettled and how an image develops through their continuing exchange. Its value within my artistic practice does not depend upon treating the drawing as evidence for, or proof of, a scientific theory.
Artist's note
This essay forms part of my ongoing artistic research within Apeiron. It is written from the perspective of an artist reflecting on the processes of making, looking and interpreting. Science, including ideas drawn from physics and research into perception, informs the wider inquiry; however, the observations presented here are not offered as scientific findings, experimental results or neurological explanations.
The terms delay, rupture, scintillation and apogee of scintillation are used within this essay as artistic and experiential concepts. Their use should be distinguished from their technical meanings in scientific contexts. Any equations or formulations developed elsewhere within Apeiron as part of its artistic or philosophical framework should likewise be understood in their stated context and not assumed to constitute scientifically validated models.
The drawing is presented as a site of artistic inquiry and reflection, rather than as empirical evidence for a scientific proposition.
日本語訳
このドローイングは、ノートパソコンの画面に表示された座った女性のデジタル写真から始まった。元となる画像そのものは変化しなかったが、それを見つめる私の経験は、描画の過程を通じて変化していった。当初は明確に見えていた特徴が次第に不確かなものとなり、形態同士の関係は揺らぎ始めた。また、私の注意が画像の中を移動するにつれて、ある部分は重要性を増し、別の部分はその重要性を失っていった。画面上で変わらないものが、必ずしも私の経験の中でも変わらないとは限らなかったのである。
これは、私の観察に基づく実践において「正確さ」とは何を意味するのかという問いを提起する。元画像と、それに応答して描かれた線や痕跡との対応関係は依然として重要である。しかし、それだけではドローイングという行為を十分に説明することはできない。私は単に見えたものを記録しようとしているのではない。私は、その制作過程のなかで意味や重要性が変化し得る「現れ」に応答しているのである。
私の実践において、観察は完全に即時的なものとして経験されることは稀である。私が見たものは、記憶していること、予期していること、そして発展しつつあるドローイングが可能にすることと絡み合う。一本の線は単に観察結果を記録するだけではない。それは、その後の観察が参照される表面そのものを変化させる。したがって、ドローイングとは、元となる対象を見つめることと、形成されつつある作品を見ることの双方を含み、その差異を調停しながらも必ずしも解決することを求めない営みである。
このドローイングは、単なる観察対象のイメージではない。それは、絶えず再考され続ける観察の物質的帰結なのである。
遅延(Delay)という芸術的概念
私の芸術研究フレームワークである Apeiron の中で、私は「遅延(delay)」という用語を用いて、このような媒介的な状態を記述している。私はそれを計測可能な神経学的時間差や物理量として用いているのではない。むしろそれは、見ることと線を引くこととのあいだに経験される間隔を指している。その期間には、記憶、熟考、想像力、素材に関する配慮などがドローイングの行為へと入り込む可能性がある。
物理学や知覚研究から得た概念を含む科学的なアイデアは、Apeiron の発展全体に影響を与えている。しかし、私が用いる遅延という概念は、それらとの関わりを芸術的かつ比喩的な文脈へと移し替えたものである。これは科学的な計算や実験的検証のための方程式ではなく、私の実践における諸関係を考えるための方法である。
この文脈において、遅延は正確な再現を妨げる障害ではない。それはむしろ、ドローイングが成立するための過程の一部である。見ることと描くことのあいだにある間隔によって、観察されたものは物質化される前に保持され、再考され、移行し、あるいは変容することが可能になる。
このプロセスは単純な直線的進行ではなく、再帰的である。私は見て、線を引き、その線を見直し、再び画像へ戻る。描いたものは、その後に気づくことへ影響を与える。ある時にはドローイングが以前の観察を支持するように感じられ、また別の時にはそれを揺るがすこともある。ドローイングは、画像から紙面への一方向的な転写によってではなく、この継続的な往還によって生まれるのである。
類似性の断絶(Rupture of Likeness)
ドローイングが進展するにつれて、それと元の写真との関係は次第に不安定になることがある。私はこの単純な対応関係からの離脱を「断絶(rupture)」と呼んでいる。
最初の見えは出発点を与える。しかし発展するイメージは、その後に続く注意、選択、再考、そして物質的変更の連続にさらされる。ある特徴は保持され、別の特徴は曖昧になり、移動し、あるいは消失する。その結果として生じる人物像は、座った人として認識され続けるかもしれないが、出発点となった特定の人物らしさとの結びつきは弱まっていく。
私は、この断絶を遅延を通じて生じる芸術的変容の一部として理解している。それは必ずしも意図的な類似性の拒絶ではない。むしろ、元画像との対応関係そのものが、制作の過程を通して絶えず交渉されるのである。
ドローイングは観察された外観から始まる。しかし、その後も厳密な類似性に拘束され続ける必要はない。その新たなアイデンティティは、紙面上に構築される関係、例えば線の重み、輪郭の途切れ、暗部と明部の配置、修正によって開かれた空間などによって形成されていく。
この意味で、ドローイングは単なる転写を超えていく。それは独自の視覚的性格を発展させるイメージとなるのである。
消去と変化した表面
消去(erasure)は、この過程においてますます重要な役割を果たすようになった。私は線を消したり弱めたりするために消去を用いるが、その結果は単に何かを取り除くことだけではない。
一本の線を消すことは、それまでの判断の権威を弱めることでもある。ある部分を柔らかくすることは、より強い線によって覆い隠されていた別の関係性に場所を与えることになる。擦り取られた領域は、単一の解決を主張しなくなったからこそ、新たな重要性を獲得することがある。
このドローイングでは、強い暗部のアクセントと、掻き消された淡い部分が並置されている。ある輪郭は自己主張し、別の輪郭は周囲へと溶け込みながら途切れている。人物像は全面的に完成しているわけでも、全面的に未解決なわけでもない。こうした差異によって、修正の痕跡は可視性を保ちながらも、制作過程の完全な記録を提示することはない。
私にとって、それらの部分には調整と再考の物質的歴史が残されている。それらはすべての判断を明らかにすることはできないし、特定の瞬間に何を考えていたかを正確に示すこともできない。しかし完成しながらも仮設的であり続ける作品の中に、その発展の一端を留めている。
消去は紙面を以前の状態へ戻すわけではない。私の経験では、変化した表面は新しい出発点となる。以前の痕跡は残り続け、その後の線は真新しい紙ではなく、それらの痕跡と出会うのである。したがって取り除かれたものもまた、今後何を描くのか、そして形成されつつあるイメージをどのように理解するのかに影響し続ける。
遅延と消去は関連しているが異なる役割を持つ。遅延は線が描かれる前に観察が再考される時間的間隔を指す。消去は、既に存在する決定を物質的な行為によって再考することを可能にする。両者ともイメージの継続的発展に寄与する。
作品の歴史は、残された線の中だけでなく、それらの変更によって開かれた空間の中にも宿っているのである。


.jpg)

